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Highlights of Physics of Climate (GPC) Talks @ APS 2021 March Meeting

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American Physics Society (APS) March meeting is one of the largest physics meetings in the world. In 2021, the meeting will be held online due to COVID-19.

To help the community quickly catch up on the work to be presented in this meeting, Paper Digest Team processed all talk abstracts, and generated one highlight sentence (typically the main topic) for each. Readers are encouraged to read these machine generated highlights / summaries to quickly get the main idea of each talk. This article is on the talks related to Physics of Climate (GPC).

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TABLE : Physics of Climate (GPC)

Title Authors Highlight Session
1 GPC Business Meeting GPC Business Meeting Session 1: GPC Business Meeting
2 Large deviation theory, extreme events and abrupt changes in the climate system Bouchet, Freddy We will discuss several new algorithms and new theoretical approaches based on large deviation theory, where huge progress have been made to compute such rare events. Session 2: Rare Events, Tipping Points, and Abrupt Changes in the Climate System
3 Fingerprinting Heatwaves and Cold Spells and Assessing Their Response to Climate Change using Large Deviation Theory Galfi, Vera; Lucarini, Valerio We show that two 2010 high impact events – summer Russian heatwave and winter Dzud in Mongolia – are associated with atmospheric patterns that are exceptional compared to the typical ones, but typical compared to the climatology of extreme events. Session 2: Rare Events, Tipping Points, and Abrupt Changes in the Climate System
4 Asymmetric extreme events of Earth’s climate and carbon cycle during the last 66 million years Arnscheidt, Constantin; Rothman, Daniel We investigate these observations by developing a simple climate-carbon cycle model in which the amplitude of random internal fluctuations increases at higher temperatures. Session 2: Rare Events, Tipping Points, and Abrupt Changes in the Climate System
5 Data assimilation and Uncertainty Quantification in the Geosciences Restrepo, Juan After presenting a review of this Bayesian estimation strategy we will summarize how this process has evolved to handle nonlinear and non-Gaussian processes. Session 2: Rare Events, Tipping Points, and Abrupt Changes in the Climate System
6 Transition path theory analysis of noise-induced tipping in a stratospheric model Finkel, Justin; Weare, Jonathan; Abbot, Dorian Though the events that we focus on and their statistics involve very long timescales, we describe an approach to estimating them in high dimensional state spaces using only relatively short simulations of the system. Session 2: Rare Events, Tipping Points, and Abrupt Changes in the Climate System
7 The distribution of ocean surface wave heights and the St. Petersburg paradox Fontana, Jake; Johns, Paul; Palffy-Muhoray, Peter We examined over 3.5 billion ocean surface waves measured by 148 buoys across the Pacific ocean to determine the statistical distribution of wave heights. Session 2: Rare Events, Tipping Points, and Abrupt Changes in the Climate System
8 An Improved Framework for the Dynamic Likelihood Filter Foster, Dallas; Restrepo, Juan We significantly extend the capabilities of the Dynamic Likelihood Filter, a Bayesian data assimilation scheme that uses a computational model and its inherent uncertainties to generate a prior and exploits hyperbolicity in wave problems to time-evolve the likelihood in order to formulate approximations of the conditional probabilities. Session 2: Rare Events, Tipping Points, and Abrupt Changes in the Climate System
9 Spontaneous Stochasticity in Atmospheric Turbulence and Climate Dynamics Eyink, Gregory; Bandak, Dmytro; Mailybaev, Alexei; Goldenfeld, Nigel b,c We study the effect of thermal noise on turbulent solutions of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation and argue that, for fixed deterministic initial data, a stochastic ensemble of non-unique Euler solutions is obtained in the high Reynolds-number limit. Session 2: Rare Events, Tipping Points, and Abrupt Changes in the Climate System
10 Feedbacks between the worst storms on Earth and lower stratospheric water vapor O’Neill, Morgan Using high-resolution large eddy simulations, we show that the AACP is formed by the development of a hydraulic jump at the tropopause, which occurs under specific atmospheric conditions. Session 2: Rare Events, Tipping Points, and Abrupt Changes in the Climate System
11 Characteristic Excitations of Earth’s Carbon Cycle Rothman, Daniel This talk reviews a combination of empirical evidence and physical theory that suggests instead that many of these events are characteristic nonlinear responses of the Earth system to relatively minor perturbations. Session 3: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics of Earth and Its Climate
12 "Excess" Semiannual Variation in Historic Temperature Records Song, Yunxiang; Witten, Thomas; Lawlor, Kyle A new analysis of historical weather station records in the United States determines persistent annual and semiannual variation with high precision. Session 3: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics of Earth and Its Climate
13 Granular decoherence precedes failure of glacial ice mélange Burton, Justin; Ryan, Cassotto; Mendez Harper, Joshua; Amundson, Jason; Fahnestock, Mark; Truffer, Martin; Guasch, Marc In flowing granular materials, machine learning techniques and acoustic emissions analyses demonstrate precursors to failure; yet, real-time detection remains an elusive goal. Session 3: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics of Earth and Its Climate
14 Impacts of surface melt and hydrology on Antarctic ice-shelf dynamics and break-up Banwell, Alison By focusing on a variety of field, remotely-sensed and modeling based case studies drawn from my research, I will present recent progress and future research directions in the rapidly growing field of Antarctic ice-shelf surface hydrology and stability. Session 3: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics of Earth and Its Climate
15 Enhanced deep water acoustic range estimation based on ocean General Circulation Models Weichman, Peter I will describe efforts to test the limits of currently available GCM data to accurately estimate absolute range based on data collected during the PhilSea10 experiment using 510 km source-receiver separation. Session 3: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics of Earth and Its Climate
16 Space and Ground-Based Decadal Trends of Nitrogen Oxides in Texas Balch, William; Pappas, Christian; Geramifard, Arjang; Gyawali, Madhu; Lamsal, Lok; Gyawali, Bimal; Vieira, Chloe; Wright, Andre; Aryal, Rudra This study presents a quantitative analysis of NO 2 levels over Texas, including the main shale regions and the major cities. Session 3: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics of Earth and Its Climate
17 Melting and mixing at the ocean-glacier interface Jackson, Rebecca In this talk, I will present data collected near the terminus of LeConte Glacier, Alaska to probe the standard theory for plume-driven melt. Session 3: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics of Earth and Its Climate
18 Banded Vegetation Patterns in Drylands: Modeling across timescales Liu, Lily; Gandhi, Punit; Silber, Mary We consider both temporally periodic and stochastic rain input within a conceptual fast-slow switching model that exploits the difference in timescales involved. Session 3: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics of Earth and Its Climate
19 Statistical Mechanical Theory of the Thickness Distribution of Arctic Sea Ice Toppaladoddi, Srikanth; Moon, Woosok; Wettlaufer, John We extend the theory of sea-ice thickness distribution [Toppaladoddi and Wettlaufer, Phys. Session 3: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics of Earth and Its Climate